Turbochargers, Superchargers & Accessories
Turbochargers and superchargers are forced induction systems designed to increase the power output of motorsport vehicles by compressing the intake air, thereby allowing more air and fuel to be combusted within the engine. Turbochargers utilise exhaust gas to drive a turbine, which in turn spins a compressor. This process significantly enhances the engine's efficiency and power output, especially at higher RPMs. Superchargers, on the other hand, are driven mechanically via a belt connected to the engine's crankshaft. This provides immediate boost pressure, improving throttle response and power delivery at lower RPMs, though it can create more parasitic drag on the engine compared to turbochargers.
Turbochargers are available in various configurations, such as single, twin, and variable geometry turbos, each suited to different performance requirements. Single turbo systems are simpler and lighter, while twin turbos can offer reduced turbo lag and smoother power delivery. Variable geometry turbochargers (VGT) adjust the turbine's vanes to optimise airflow across a wide RPM range, combining the benefits of both small and large turbos. Superchargers come in different types as well, including roots, twin-screw, and centrifugal superchargers, each offering unique performance characteristics. Roots superchargers provide robust low-end torque, twin-screw superchargers deliver efficient mid-range power, and centrifugal superchargers excel at high RPM performance.
Accessories for forced induction systems play a crucial role in maximising their effectiveness and longevity. Intercoolers are essential for cooling the compressed air from turbochargers and superchargers, preventing detonation and maintaining power output. Blow-off valves and wastegates regulate boost pressure to prevent overboost conditions and protect the engine from damage. Boost controllers allow precise adjustment of boost levels, offering tuners the flexibility to tailor performance to specific driving conditions. High-flow fuel injectors and fuel pumps ensure adequate fuel delivery to match the increased air intake, while aftermarket engine management systems provide the necessary control to optimise the air-fuel mixture and ignition timing for peak performance.